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High-Voltage Activated Calcium Channel Alpha1 Subunit (Cav2.x Family) (Cav2.x)
- Target
- Cav2.x
- Molecular classification
- Ion channel, Voltage-gated calcium channel
01
Overview
The high-voltage activated calcium channel alpha1 subunit of the Cav2.x family is a core component of voltage-gated calcium channels predominantly found in neurons. These channels are essential for mediating fast synaptic transmission by controlling the influx of Ca\(^2+\) ions in response to membrane depolarization. The Cav2.x family includes three main subtypes: Cav2.1 (P/Q-type), Cav2.2 (N-type), and Cav2.3 (R-type), each encoded by distinct genes and having unique physiological roles, but all primarily involved in neurotransmitter release at synapses. Dysfunction or mutations in these channels are linked to various neurological disorders, making them important therapeutic targets.
- Other names
- P/Q-type calcium channel (Cav2.1)N-type calcium channel (Cav2.2)R-type calcium channel (Cav2.3)α1B subunit (Cav2.2)
02
Mechanism of action
Blockade of calcium influx, modulation of channel gating, disruption of subunit interactions.
03
Biological functions
Calcium ion transmembrane transportRegulation of neurotransmitter releaseSynaptic transmissionSignal transduction
04
Disease associations
Familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 (FHM1)Episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2)EpilepsyChronic painNeuropathic painNeurodegenerative disease
05
Safety considerations
Neurological side effectsCardiovascular effects
06
Interacting drugs
Ziconotide
2 more in the full profile.
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