HIV-1 Rev-responsive element IIB RNA (RRE IIB)

The HIV-1 Rev-responsive element IIB RNA (RRE IIB) is a highly structured RNA motif located within the env gene of the HIV-1 genome (Kjems et al., 1991, PNAS). It functions as the high-affinity docking site for the viral Rev protein, which is a prerequisite for the nuclear export of unspliced and singly spliced viral mRNA transcripts (Battiste et al., 1996, Science). This export process is vital for the synthesis of viral structural proteins and the packaging of the viral genome, making it a cornerstone of the HIV-1 replication cycle (Pollard and Malim, 1998, Annu Rev Microbiol). Disrupting the Rev-RRE IIB interaction leads to the nuclear retention and degradation of these transcripts, effectively preventing the assembly of new infectious particles. Consequently, RRE IIB is a prominent therapeutic target for small-molecule inhibitors, such as aminoglycosides and synthetic ligands, designed to block Rev binding (Zapp et al., 1993, Cell). Despite its potential, the primary challenge in targeting RRE IIB is ensuring selectivity to avoid interfering with essential host RNA-protein interactions, such as those involving the ribosome (Jayaraman et al., 2014, Bioorg Med Chem).

Other names

RRE Stem-loop IIBRev-binding elementRBEHIV-1 RRE Stem IIBRev-responsive element

Inhibition of the Rev-RRE interaction, which prevents the nuclear export of unspliced and singly spliced viral mRNA, thereby blocking the production of viral structural proteins.