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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Homocysteine Methylation (None)
- Target
- None
- Molecular classification
- Metabolic pathway, Enzymatic process
01
Overview
Homocysteine methylation is a crucial biochemical pathway responsible for regenerating methionine from homocysteine. This process is vital for maintaining the cellular methylation pool and regulating various biological processes, including DNA methylation, protein methylation, and lipid methylation. The pathway involves key enzymes like methionine synthase and betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase, and requires cofactors such as folate, vitamin B12, and betaine. Dysregulation of homocysteine methylation can lead to hyperhomocysteinemia and is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and other chronic conditions. It has also epigenetic implications due to SAM/SAH imbalances.
- Other names
- Methionine regeneration from homocysteineHomocysteine remethylationOne-carbon metabolism (homocysteine aspect)
02
Mechanism of action
N/A
03
Biological functions
Methionine biosynthesisSAM/SAH ratio regulationFolate cycleOne-carbon metabolismRegulation of methylation reactions
04
Disease associations
Cardiovascular disease (related to hyperhomocysteinemia)Neurodegenerative disorders (related to hyperhomocysteinemia)Pregnancy complications (related to hyperhomocysteinemia)Cancer (related to aberrant methylation)Epigenetic dysregulation
05
Safety considerations
HyperhomocysteinemiaDrug-induced nutrient deficienciesMTHFR polymorphism-related risks
06
Biomarkers
Plasma homocysteine levelsSAM/SAH ratioFolate levelsVitamin B12 levelsVitamin B6 levelsMTHFR genotype
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