Host cell integrin and adhesion molecule (CAMs)

Integrins and other adhesion molecules are a diverse group of transmembrane proteins that mediate adhesion between cells and the extracellular matrix (integrins), or between cells directly (cadherins, selectins, immunoglobulin superfamily proteins)[1][3][6]. They form the physical and biochemical links necessary for cellular architecture, tissue integrity, signaling, and migration. Integrins are heterodimeric receptors crucial for cell–matrix interactions, affecting survival, proliferation, and migration; selectins govern leukocyte rolling in inflammation; cadherins form adherens junctions for tissue organization; and Ig superfamily members like ICAMs/VCAMs regulate leukocyte–endothelial interaction. Drugs targeting these molecules modulate immune responses, inflammation, cancer progression, and cardiovascular function, but their broad roles mean that both therapeutic benefit and adverse effects must be weighed carefully[4][5][6].

Other names

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)IntegrinsSelectinsCadherinsImmunoglobulin superfamily adhesion molecules (e.g., ICAMs, VCAMs)Host integrin receptors

Antagonism of ligand binding (blocking receptor–ligand interaction prevents adhesion); Inhibition of conformational change (stopping integrins from switching to high-affinity state); Downregulation of signal transduction pathways (reducing cell migration/proliferation); Immune cell trafficking modulation (regulating leukocyte migration).