Host cell surface receptors and glycans mediating AAV9 capsid entry

The target 'Host cell surface receptors and glycans mediating AAV9 capsid entry' refers to the collective group of host molecules required for the cellular internalization of Adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9). The primary attachment factor for AAV9 is terminal N-linked galactose (specifically beta-1,4-galactose), which mediates initial docking to the cell surface (Bell et al., 2011; Shen et al., 2011). Following attachment, AAV9 requires the Adeno-associated virus receptor (AAVR, also known as KIAA0319L), a transmembrane protein that is essential for the transduction of most AAV serotypes (Pillay et al., 2016). Additionally, G protein-coupled receptor 108 (GPR108) has been identified as a critical, highly conserved entry factor for AAV9 and other serotypes, facilitating trafficking to the nucleus (Dudek et al., 2020). Other factors, such as the 37/67 kDa laminin receptor (RPSA) and certain integrins, may also play roles in the entry process (Akache et al., 2006; Asokan et al., 2006). These receptors are the primary targets for engineering AAV9-based gene therapy vectors, such as onasemnogene abeparvovec (Zolgensma), to improve tissue specificity and overcome barriers like the blood-brain barrier (Mendell et al., 2017). Understanding the distribution and density of these receptors is crucial for predicting the biodistribution and efficacy of AAV9-mediated gene delivery (Shen et al., 2012).

Other names

AAV9 entry factorsAAV9 receptorsAAV9 attachment factorsAAV9 entry complex

AAV9 capsids bind to terminal N-linked galactose for attachment and Adeno-associated virus receptor (AAVR) for internalization, followed by GPR108-mediated trafficking to the nucleus.