Host cells permissive to Yellow Fever Virus 17D infection

Host cells permissive to Yellow Fever Virus 17D (YFV-17D) infection are specific cell populations that support the entry, replication, and assembly of the attenuated vaccine strain. These cells include dendritic cells and macrophages, which are the initial targets following subcutaneous injection, as well as hepatocytes and Vero cells used in manufacturing (Monath, 2001, Vaccine). Permissivity is mediated by cell-surface molecules such as heparan sulfate and members of the TIM and TAM receptor families, which facilitate viral attachment and endocytosis (Meertens et al., 2012, Cell Host & Microbe). Once inside, the virus utilizes the host's endoplasmic reticulum for protein synthesis and genome replication. The infection of these cells is essential for the vaccine's efficacy, as it triggers the innate immune system via Toll-like receptors to produce a robust adaptive response (Querec et al., 2009, Nature Medicine). However, this 'target' is not a single molecule but a biological state or environment, making it an unconventional entry for therapeutic targeting. In rare cases, excessive replication in these cells can lead to vaccine-associated viscerotropic or neurotropic disease (CDC, 2023). Understanding the tropism of YFV-17D is critical for ensuring vaccine safety and optimizing production processes.

Other names

YFV-17D permissive cellsYellow Fever Virus 17D host cellsYF-17D target cellsPermissive cells for YFV-17D

The YFV-17D vaccine strain infects permissive host cells, leading to viral protein synthesis and replication, which triggers innate and adaptive immune responses (Querec et al., 2009, Nature Medicine).