Host intestinal inflammatory signaling

Host intestinal inflammatory signaling refers to the integrated network of molecular pathways that coordinate the immune response within the gastrointestinal mucosa. This system involves a variety of signaling cascades, including the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) pathway, the Interleukin-12/23 (IL-12/23) axis, and the Janus kinase/Signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway (Neurath, M. F., 2014, Nature Reviews Immunology). These pathways are essential for maintaining gut homeostasis and responding to pathogens, but their chronic activation leads to the recruitment of inflammatory cells and tissue damage. In diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, dysregulated signaling results in persistent mucosal inflammation and ulceration (Friedrich, M., et al., 2019, Nature Communications). Pharmacological intervention targets specific nodes within this signaling network, such as neutralizing cytokines with monoclonal antibodies or inhibiting intracellular enzymes with small molecules, to restore immune balance and promote mucosal healing (Danese, S., et al., 2019, JCI Insight).

Other names

Intestinal inflammatory pathwayGut inflammatory signalingIBD signaling cascadeMucosal immune signaling

Inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-12, IL-23), blockade of leukocyte adhesion (alpha4beta7 integrin), or inhibition of intracellular signaling enzymes (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, TYK2).