Host mucosal surface proteins and cell membranes

Host mucosal surface proteins and cell membranes constitute the critical interface between the body and the external environment, serving as the first line of defense against pathogens and chemical insults. This target encompasses a complex assembly of the cell surface glycocalyx, transmembrane mucins, and the phospholipid bilayer of epithelial cells (Ganesan et al., 2022, Frontiers in Medicine). These structures facilitate essential biological processes such as selective absorption, lubrication, and innate immune signaling, while also acting as a scaffold for the commensal microbiome (Johansson et al., 2011, Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology). In various disease states, including viral infections and inflammatory bowel disease, the integrity of this barrier is compromised, or its components are exploited by pathogens for cellular entry (Cone, 2009, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews). Pharmacological interventions targeting these surfaces typically utilize mucoadhesive agents or barrier-forming polymers to reinforce the mucosal shield, prevent pathogen adhesion, or provide a protective coating for healing tissues (Laffleur & Keckeis, 2020, Drug Delivery). While not a single molecular entity, this physiological target is vital for maintaining homeostasis and is a focus for developing topical microbicides and gastroprotective drugs.

Other names

Mucosal barrierEpithelial cell membraneMucosal interfaceCell surface glycocalyx

Formation of a physical protective barrier, mucoadhesion to epithelial surfaces, and competitive inhibition of pathogen attachment to host cell surface receptors (Laffleur & Keckeis, 2020, Drug Delivery).