Host neurological pathways

Host neurological pathways refer to the integrated network of signaling routes, cellular interactions, and physiological processes within the central and peripheral nervous systems that maintain neural homeostasis and coordinate organismal responses. In biomedical research, this term often describes the systemic pathways hijacked by neurotropic pathogens (such as Rabies virus or SARS-CoV-2) to gain entry to the brain or propagate through axonal transport (PMID: 32665314). These pathways also encompass the neuro-immune axis, where peripheral inflammation communicates with the brain, potentially leading to neuro-inflammatory or neurodegenerative conditions (Nature Reviews Neuroscience). Because the term encompasses a vast array of receptors, enzymes, and ion channels, it is considered a systems-level descriptor rather than a specific molecular target. Therapeutic interventions involving these pathways generally aim to stabilize synaptic function, suppress excessive neuro-inflammation, or block viral entry into neurons. Monitoring these pathways often involves fluid-based biomarkers like Neurofilament light chain, which indicates axonal damage across various neurological insults (Nature Communications).

Other names

Neural pathwaysHost nervous system signalingNeuro-immune pathwaysCNS signaling cascades

Modulation of neurotransmitter release, inhibition of neuro-inflammatory cytokine cascades, protection of blood-brain barrier integrity, or interference with viral axonal transport.