House dust mite allergen-specific immunoglobulin E antibody (HDM allergen-specific IgE (occasionally sIgE))

House dust mite allergen-specific immunoglobulin E antibody (HDM-specific IgE) is an adaptive immune antibody (IgE class) produced by B cells after sensitization to dust mite allergens, primarily Der p 1, Der f 1, and related proteins. These antibodies bind tightly to high-affinity IgE receptors (FcεRI) on mast cells and basophils in tissues, sensitizing these cells. On re-exposure to the allergen, crosslinking of bound IgE by allergens results in cell degranulation, releasing histamine, leukotrienes, and other mediators responsible for allergic symptoms. The presence and level of HDM-specific IgE in serum are central biomarkers for allergy diagnosis, monitoring, and patient selection for allergen immunotherapy. Anti-IgE drugs (e.g., omalizumab) can suppress the allergic response by neutralizing IgE.

Other names

Allergen-specific IgEHDM-specific IgEDust mite allergy IgEsIgE to HDMHouse dust mite-specific IgE

Anti-IgE drugs bind and neutralize free IgE, preventing binding to FcεRI and subsequent activation of effector cells