Human adenovirus 53 (HAdV-D53) (HAdV-D53)

Human adenovirus 53 (HAdV-D53) is a recombinant human adenovirus within the species Human mastadenovirus D, primarily recognized as a potent causative agent of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) (Walsh et al., 2009, Journal of Virology). The virus features a complex genome arising from intertypic recombination between HAdV-D8, HAdV-D22, and HAdV-D37, which contributes to its high virulence and ability to evade pre-existing immunity (Robinson et al., 2013, FEBS Letters). HAdV-D53 infects the epithelial cells of the eye by binding to host cell receptors, such as sialic acid or CD46, leading to significant ocular inflammation and potential long-term visual impairment (Kaneko et al., 2011, Journal of Clinical Microbiology). While no specific therapeutic is currently approved for HAdV-D53, research focuses on inhibiting its DNA polymerase with nucleoside analogs like cidofovir or developing entry inhibitors that block the viral fiber protein's interaction with host cells (Chintakuntlawar et al., 2016, Journal of Virology). Its role as a pathogen makes it a significant focus for public health monitoring and the development of broad-spectrum ocular antivirals (Zhou et al., 2012, Scientific Reports). The emergence of HAdV-D53 highlights the ongoing evolution of adenoviruses through recombination, necessitating continuous genomic surveillance to manage outbreaks effectively (Walsh et al., 2009, Journal of Virology). Therapeutic challenges include the lack of specific inhibitors and the potential for severe side effects, such as nephrotoxicity, associated with current off-label antiviral treatments (Gordon et al., 2005, Antiviral Research).

Other names

Human adenovirus D53HAdV-53Adenovirus type 53EKC-associated adenovirus

Inhibition of viral DNA polymerase