Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell secretome (hAMSC-secretome)

The Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell (hAMSC) secretome is a complex collection of bioactive molecules, including cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles, secreted by mesenchymal stem cells derived from the amniotic membrane of the human placenta [1, 4]. It is not a single molecular target but rather a multi-component therapeutic agent that mediates tissue repair and immunomodulation through paracrine signaling [2]. The secretome plays a significant role in suppressing inflammatory responses by shifting macrophage polarization and inhibiting T-cell activation, while simultaneously promoting angiogenesis and cell survival in damaged tissues [1, 3]. Research has highlighted its potential in treating diverse conditions such as chronic wounds, liver fibrosis, and autoimmune disorders, offering a cell-free alternative to traditional stem cell therapy [3]. Because it is a heterogeneous biological product rather than a discrete receptor or enzyme, its pharmacological profile is defined by the synergistic action of its various proteins and nucleic acids [2, 4].

Other names

hAMSC conditioned mediumhAMSC-CMhAMSC-derived extracellular vesicleshAMSC-EVsAmniotic membrane MSC secretomehAMSC-derived exosomes

The hAMSC secretome functions through paracrine signaling, delivering a cocktail of anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-10, TGF-beta) and regenerative growth factors (e.g., VEGF, HGF) to damaged tissues [1]. It modulates the innate and adaptive immune systems by inhibiting T-cell proliferation and promoting the M2 pro-healing phenotype in macrophages [2]. Additionally, extracellular vesicles within the secretome transport microRNAs and proteins that activate survival pathways such as PI3K/Akt in recipient cells, facilitating tissue repair and reducing apoptosis [3].