Human B-cell receptors specific for rotavirus VP8* epitopes (BCR-VP8*)

Human B-cell receptors (BCRs) specific for rotavirus VP8* epitopes are membrane-bound immunoglobulins on B lymphocytes that play a pivotal role in the adaptive immune response against rotavirus infections (Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2019). These receptors specifically recognize the VP8* subunit, which is the distal portion of the rotavirus spike protein VP4 and is responsible for binding to host cell glycans, such as histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), to facilitate viral attachment (Frontiers in Immunology, 2021; Nature, 2012). Engagement of these BCRs by viral antigens or vaccine components initiates B-cell activation, clonal expansion, and differentiation into plasma cells that secrete high-affinity neutralizing antibodies (Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2019). These antibodies prevent rotavirus entry into intestinal epithelial cells by blocking the interaction between VP8* and host receptors or by mediating the release of bound virions (Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2019; Journal of Virology, 1990). As such, these BCRs are the primary targets for rotavirus vaccines, including live-attenuated oral vaccines like Rotarix and RotaTeq, as well as emerging protein subunit candidates (Frontiers in Immunology, 2021; PLOS Pathogens, 2021). Additionally, the study of these receptors has led to the identification of potent monoclonal antibodies that are being explored for passive immunotherapy and as templates for structure-based vaccine design (Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2019).

Other names

Rotavirus VP8*-specific B-cell receptorsVP8*-binding B-cell receptorsAnti-VP8* B-cell receptorsVP8*-specific BCRs

Vaccine-mediated activation of B-cell receptors triggers signal transduction, leading to B-cell proliferation and the production of neutralizing antibodies that inhibit viral attachment to host cell receptors.