Human genomic DNA

Human genomic DNA is the entirety of the hereditary material found in human cells, consisting of approximately 3.1 billion base pairs of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), packaged into 23 chromosome pairs in the nucleus and also a separate, much smaller mitochondrial genome[3][5]. It contains regions coding for proteins (~1-2% of the genome), non-coding functional elements such as regulatory sequences and non-coding RNAs, as well as large amounts of non-coding, sometimes repetitive DNA, including introns, structural DNA (telomeres, centromeres), transposons, and pseudogenes[1][2][5]. Human genomic DNA serves as the template for all genetic information transfer, controls cell function, and is essential for reproduction and development. Because "Human genomic DNA" refers to the entire genome rather than a specific, actionable molecular target (like a receptor, enzyme, or single gene), it is not considered a therapeutic target in itself[5], but is the subject of analysis in genomics, diagnostics, forensics, and genetic engineering.

Other names

Human nuclear DNAHuman genomeGenomic DNA