Human group IIA secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA)

Human group IIA secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA, gene: PLA2G2A) is a small, calcium-dependent extracellular enzyme that hydrolyzes the *sn*-2 position of phospholipids in cell membranes, releasing fatty acids (such as arachidonic acid) and lysophospholipids[2][3][4]. This enzyme plays a key role in innate immunity by exerting potent bactericidal effects on Gram-positive bacteria, and acts as a critical amplifier of inflammation by promoting production of proinflammatory lipid mediators. sPLA2-IIA is markedly induced in human tissues during inflammatory conditions and serves as both an effector molecule in host defense and a biomarker for inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. It is a validated therapeutic target, but its essential role in bacterial defense presents challenges for systemic inhibition in clinical settings[1][2][3].

Other names

Group IIA secreted phospholipase A2Secreted phospholipase A2 group IIAsPLA2-IIAGIIA phospholipase A2PLA2G2A (gene symbol)hGIIA

Inhibitors typically block the enzyme’s active site, preventing hydrolysis of phospholipids and subsequent downstream synthesis of inflammatory lipid mediators (e.g., eicosanoids)[5]. Reduction of bactericidal activity by enzyme inhibition (important for infection risk)[7].