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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Envelope Glycoprotein (Env)
- Target
- Env
- Molecular classification
- Viral protein, Glycoprotein, Fusion protein
01
Overview
The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is an oligomeric spike composed mainly of three pairs each of surface subunit gp120 and transmembrane subunit gp41. It orchestrates virus attachment via specific interactions with human cell receptors followed by membrane fusion—a process fundamental to HIV infectivity—and remains both a key challenge due to its variability/glycan shielding and an opportunity in vaccine/drug development efforts targeting early stages of infection.
- Other names
- HIV-1 Envgp160gp120gp41
02
Mechanism of action
Maraviroc targets CCR5, preventing gp120 interaction. Neutralizing antibodies block gp120/gp41 interaction with host cell receptors or inhibit fusion.
03
Biological functions
Viral entryReceptor bindingMembrane fusionImmune evasion
04
Disease associations
HIV infectionAIDS
05
Safety considerations
High variability leading to drug resistanceGlycan shield hindering antibody recognitionConformational flexibility complicates drug design
06
Interacting drugs
Maraviroc
1 more in the full profile.
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