Human Immunoglobulin E specific for Acarus siro allergens (sIgE (Acarus siro))

Human Immunoglobulin E (IgE) specific for Acarus siro allergens refers to the subset of antibodies that recognize and bind to proteins from the flour mite, a common storage mite found in agricultural and domestic environments (Source: Armentia et al., Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1997). These antibodies play a pivotal role in Type I hypersensitivity by sensitizing mast cells and basophils through their interaction with the high-affinity FcεRI receptor. Upon exposure to Acarus siro allergens, such as the fatty acid-binding protein Aca s 13, the IgE molecules are cross-linked, triggering the release of inflammatory mediators like histamine and leukotrienes (Source: WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature). This process leads to clinical conditions such as allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and occupational asthma, particularly in individuals working with grain or flour. Therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway include the use of anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies like omalizumab, which sequester free IgE to prevent mast cell activation, and allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), which aims to desensitize the patient by inducing immune tolerance (Source: Akdis and Akdis, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2014). Monitoring the levels of these specific IgE antibodies is essential for the diagnosis and management of storage mite-induced allergies.

Other names

Anti-Acarus siro IgEFlour mite-specific IgEAcarus siro-specific IgEImmunoglobulin E (Acarus siro)

Omalizumab and ligelizumab are monoclonal antibodies that bind to the Fc region of free IgE, specifically the Cε3 domain, which prevents IgE from binding to the high-affinity FcεRI receptor on mast cells and basophils (Source: FDA Label for Xolair). This sequestration reduces the density of receptors on effector cells and inhibits the allergic cascade. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) uses Acarus siro extracts to induce immunological tolerance by promoting the production of allergen-specific IgG4 antibodies, which act as "blocking" antibodies to prevent IgE-allergen binding, and by modulating T-cell responses toward a regulatory phenotype (Source: Akdis and Akdis, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2014).