Human intestinal epithelial cells and mucins

Human intestinal epithelial cells are the primary lining cells of the gut, including subtypes (goblet, Paneth, enteroendocrine, enterocytes), responsible for nutrient absorption and secretion of protective factors. Goblet cells produce mucins, highly glycosylated proteins forming the mucus layer that is essential for physical and immune protection against pathogens, mechanical stress, and inflammation. The predominant mucin is MUC2, secreted by goblet cells, with others (MUC1, MUC3, MUC13) variably expressed in different regions. Two mucus layers—firm inner and loose outer—maintain a segregated habitat for non-pathogenic bacteria while defending epithelial surfaces. Loss or dysfunction of either cell population or mucin secretion leads to increased risk of inflammatory bowel diseases, infection, and dysbiosis. This target, as stated ("Human intestinal epithelial cells/mucins"), is not a canonical molecular target, but describes related structural/functional entities crucial for intestinal health and disease. For proper molecular targeting, specific mucins (such as MUC2, MUC1) should be named individually.

Other names

Intestinal epithelial cellEnterocyteGoblet cellgel-forming mucins (e.g., MUC2)transmembrane mucins (e.g., MUC1)

Cancer immunotherapy: anti-MUC1 antibodies block cell signaling or enhance immune clearance in certain cancers. Agents modulating secretion: stimulation of compound exocytosis through acetylcholine or inflammatory cytokines.