Human leukocyte antigen DR beta 1 subunit 15 (HLA-DRB1*15) or Human leukocyte antigen DR beta 1 subunit 16 (HLA-DRB1*16) (HLA-DR2)

HLA-DR2 refers to a serotype of the HLA-DR (human leukocyte antigen-DR) class II molecule family, specifically recognizing gene products of the HLA-DRB1*15 and HLA-DRB1*16 allele groups[5]. HLA-DR molecules are membrane-bound glycoproteins expressed on specialized antigen presenting cells (APCs), such as B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, and play a crucial role in immune surveillance by binding peptide fragments and presenting them to CD4+ T helper cells[4][8]. The HLA-DR2 allele group, particularly DRB1*1501, is strongly associated with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and several other autoimmune conditions[1][3][5]. Structurally, these molecules are heterodimers with an alpha and a beta chain that together form a peptide-binding groove with unique residue preferences, impacting peptide selection and disease risk[1][4]. HLA-DR2 types are useful biomarkers in disease risk assessment and sometimes as markers for patient stratification or diagnosis in immune-mediated disorders[5]. The therapeutic targeting of HLA-DR2 is complex, as manipulation of antigen presentation can both suppress and trigger pathological immune responses, making it both a potential target and a safety concern in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases[6][8].

Other names

HLA-DR2HLA-DR15HLA-DR16DR2DRB1*15DRB1*16

Modulation of antigen presentation to T cells Inhibition or alteration of T cell recognition of autoantigens