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Hydrogen potassium ATPase (gastric proton pump) (H⁺,K⁺-ATPase)
- Target
- H⁺,K⁺-ATPase
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, P-type ATPase, Transporter
01
Overview
Hydrogen potassium ATPase, also known as the gastric proton pump, is an enzyme located in the gastric parietal cell membrane that mediates the final step of acid secretion into the stomach. The enzyme exchanges intracellular hydrogen ions (H⁺) for extracellular potassium ions (K⁺), thus acidifying the gastric lumen. Potassium-competitive acid blockers (PCABs) target this pump by reversibly and competitively inhibiting potassium binding to the enzyme, thereby blocking acid secretion more rapidly and completely than conventional proton pump inhibitors. The main therapeutic application of PCAB binding to this target is in the treatment of acid-related diseases such as GERD and peptic ulcer disease.
- Other names
- Proton pump (when referring to the gastric proton pump)Gastric H⁺,K⁺-ATPaseGastric proton pump
02
Mechanism of action
Potassium-competitive inhibition of H⁺,K⁺-ATPase, blocking potassium binding and thus reversibly suppressing gastric acid secretion.
03
Biological functions
Gastric acid secretionRegulation of gastric pHDigestive function
04
Disease associations
Peptic ulcer diseaseGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)GastritisZollinger-Ellison syndrome
05
Safety considerations
HypergastrinemiaPotential for rebound acid hypersecretion upon discontinuationInfection risk due to reduced stomach acidityEffects on absorption of nutrients (e.g., magnesium, vitamin B12)
06
Interacting drugs
Vonoprazan
3 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Gastric pHGastrin levels
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