Immune and stromal cells

Immune and stromal cells constitute the primary cellular components of the tissue microenvironment, playing a critical role in both health and disease [1]. Immune cells, including T lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, are responsible for immunosurveillance and inflammatory responses [1][3]. Stromal cells, such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and pericytes, provide the structural framework and essential growth factors for tissue maintenance and repair [2]. In the context of oncology, the interaction between these cells forms the tumor microenvironment (TME), which significantly influences tumor growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance [2][3]. While many modern therapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, aim to modulate the activity of these cells, the term 'Immune and stromal cells' refers to a broad cellular population rather than a single molecular entity [1]. Consequently, it is not classified as a specific therapeutic target but rather a complex biological compartment where multiple distinct molecular targets reside. Understanding the composition and spatial organization of these cells is vital for developing effective precision medicines and predicting patient response to immunotherapy [3].

Other names

Tumor microenvironmentTMECellular nicheStromal-immune landscapeTumor stroma

Not applicable as this refers to a broad cellular population; drugs typically target specific molecular entities within these cells, such as checkpoint receptors (PD-1/CTLA-4) or growth factor receptors (VEGFR).