Immune cell ratio modulation

Immune cell ratio modulation describes therapeutic or biological strategies that aim to alter the relative abundance of different immune cell populations—such as T cells, B cells, monocytes/macrophages (e.g., M1 vs. M2), or regulatory cells—to achieve a desired immunological effect. Common approaches include the use of drugs, biologics, cell therapies, or nutritional interventions to increase or decrease specific cell subsets, thus influencing immune responses in diseases such as cancer, autoimmunity, or infection. This is not a singular molecular target but a therapeutic concept or intervention strategy for modifying immune system balance, which can affect disease outcomes depending on the context and cells targeted.

Shifting balance between immune-activating and immune-suppressive cells (e.g., promoting Treg over Th17 cells; inducing M2 macrophage polarization instead of M1); Inhibiting or promoting proliferation, differentiation, or trafficking of specific immune cell types; Blocking cell surface molecules involved in immune cell migration or activation (e.g., integrins, chemokine receptors); Modulating signaling pathways involved in cell fate (e.g., cytokine signaling, circadian clock genes).