Immune modulation through transient donor chimerism

“Immune modulation through transient donor chimerism” refers to a transplantation-tolerance strategy where a temporary coexistence of donor-derived and recipient hematopoietic cells is established in the recipient after transplantation. This transient chimerism induces donor-specific immune tolerance by promoting mechanisms such as the expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs), deletion or anergy of alloreactive T cells, and central/peripheral regulatory processes. Unlike persistent or full chimerism, transient chimerism reduces the risk of graft-versus-host disease while maintaining sufficient immunomodulation to allow for withdrawal or reduced use of immunosuppression in organ transplantation. The process is not a molecular entity but a clinical and immunological state induced by specific conditioning regimens, stem cell or bone marrow infusions, and adjunct immunosuppressive agents.

Other names

Transient mixed chimerismTransient donor hematopoietic chimerismImmune tolerance via transient donor chimerismTransient hematopoietic chimerism

Homeostatic expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs); Induction of T cell anergy and exhaustion; Peripheral deletion of donor-reactive T cells; Promotion of donor-specific immune tolerance; Central and peripheral immune regulation