Immune modulation via mesenchymal stromal cells

Immune modulation via mesenchymal stromal cells" does not refer to a single molecular target or receptor, but rather describes the broad immunomodulatory effects exerted by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), a population of multipotent cells with immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and tissue regenerative properties. MSCs influence both innate and adaptive immune responses through the secretion of cytokines (such as IL-10, TGF-β, and PGE2), release of extracellular vesicles, and direct cell–cell interactions[1][2][3][4][5][6]. They can both suppress and promote inflammation depending on the state of the immune system. MSCs have shown therapeutic promise in treating autoimmune diseases, inflammatory conditions, tissue injuries, and cardiovascular diseases. Importantly, this is a cellular process, not a classical "target" such as a receptor, enzyme, or transporter, and thus it is not appropriate to classify it as a druggable molecular target[1][3][4]. This entry is marked as incorrect because it describes a process or mechanism (immunomodulation by MSCs), not a discrete, canonical molecular drug target.

Other names

Mesenchymal stem cell immunomodulationMSC-mediated immune modulationMesenchymal stromal cell immunoregulation

Mesenchymal stromal cells modulate immunity through several mechanisms: secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-10, TGF-β); secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2); paracrine signaling via extracellular vesicles; cell-contact dependent immune modulation; and induction of regulatory T cells and B cells.