Immune system (via released tumor antigens and immunostimulatory factors)

The "Immune system via released tumor antigens and immunostimulatory factors" refers to the physiological process of activating the host's immune response through the liberation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). This process is a fundamental component of the "Cancer-Immunity Cycle," specifically representing the steps of antigen release and presentation (Chen & Mellman, 2013, Immunity). It is primarily triggered by "Immunogenic Cell Death" (ICD), a form of regulated cell death that occurs in response to specific stressors, such as certain chemotherapeutic agents, radiation, or oncolytic viruses (Kroemer et al., 2013, Annu Rev Immunol). When cancer cells undergo ICD, they expose or secrete molecules like calreticulin, HMGB1, and ATP, which act as "eat-me" and "find-me" signals for dendritic cells (Galluzzi et al., 2017, Nat Rev Immunol). These dendritic cells then process the released TAAs and migrate to lymph nodes to prime and activate cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. While not a single molecular target like a receptor or enzyme, this pathway is a critical therapeutic focus for converting "cold" tumors into "hot," immune-responsive environments. Drugs that exploit this mechanism include oncolytic viruses like Talimogene laherparepvec and cytotoxic agents like oxaliplatin and doxorubicin.

Other names

Cancer-Immunity CycleImmunogenic Cell Death pathwayICDTumor microenvironment modulation

Induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) leading to the release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that activate dendritic cells and T-cell responses.