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Immune System - Elicitation of Hypersensitivity Reaction
- Molecular classification
- Immune System Process
01
Overview
The immune system's inappropriate and exaggerated response to harmless antigens (allergens), leading to tissue damage and clinical symptoms. Hypersensitivity reactions are classified into four types (I-IV) based on the mechanism of action: Type I (IgE-mediated), Type II (antibody-mediated cytotoxicity), Type III (immune complex-mediated), and Type IV (T cell-mediated). This represents a malfunction of normal immune surveillance mechanisms, resulting in tissue injury due to excessive inflammation or direct cellular damage. Hypersensitivities underlie many allergic diseases, autoimmune disorders, and drug allergies.
- Other names
- Hypersensitivity ReactionAllergic ResponseGell and Coombs HypersensitivityType I HypersensitivityType II HypersensitivityType III HypersensitivityType IV Hypersensitivity
02
Biological functions
Immune responseDefense against pathogensInflammationTissue damage
03
Disease associations
AllergiesAutoimmunityAsthmaHay FeverDrug AllergiesContact Dermatitis
04
Safety considerations
AnaphylaxisOrgan damageChronic inflammationImmunosuppression (with certain treatments)
05
Interacting drugs
Antihistamines
4 more in the full profile.
06
Biomarkers
IgE levelsSpecific allergen IgET cell countsCytokine levelsComplement levelsAutoantibodies
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