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Immune system activation via alpha-gal epitope-mediated hyperacute rejection
- Molecular classification
- Carbohydrate, Glycan, Epitope, Antibody
01
Overview
Immune system activation mediated by the alpha-gal epitope (galactose-α-1,3-galactose). Pre-existing anti-α-Gal antibodies in humans bind to this epitope on non-primate mammalian cells, leading to complement activation and hyperacute rejection of xenografts. It is also implicated in alpha-gal syndrome and anaphylactic reactions to certain pharmaceuticals.
- Other names
- α-Gal epitopeGalactose-α-1,3-galactoseAnti-α-Gal antibody responseHyperacute xenograft rejection
02
Mechanism of action
Anti-α-Gal antibodies bind to α-Gal epitopes, leading to complement activation and cell lysis, or IgE-mediated allergic reactions.
03
Biological functions
Immune responseComplement activationAntibody-mediated cytotoxicityXenograft rejectionAllergic reactionB cell activationT cell help
04
Disease associations
Alpha-gal syndromeXenograft rejectionAnaphylaxisAllergy
05
Safety considerations
Hyperacute rejection of xenograftsDelayed allergic reactions (alpha-gal syndrome)Anaphylactic reactions
06
Interacting drugs
Cetuximab
1 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Anti-α-Gal antibody titerIgE against α-Gal
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