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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Immunoglobulin G Antibody (IgG)
- Target
- IgG
- Molecular classification
- Immunoglobulin, Antibody, Glycoprotein
01
Overview
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most abundant class of antibody in human serum, representing approximately 75% of all serum antibodies. It is a glycoprotein produced by plasma B cells as part of the adaptive immune response and is found in blood, lymph, cerebrospinal fluid, peritoneal fluid, and other body fluids. IgG plays several critical roles in immunity, including pathogen neutralization, opsonization, complement activation, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and placental transfer to provide passive immunity to the fetus. Detection of specific IgG antibodies indicates prior exposure/infection or successful vaccination. Measurement of IgG levels can help diagnose immunodeficiencies, chronic infections/autoimmune diseases/allergies, and monitor therapy effectiveness.
02
Mechanism of action
Binding to antigens to neutralize pathogens, opsonization, complement activation, ADCC.
03
Biological functions
Pathogen neutralizationOpsonizationComplement activationAntibody-dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC)Passive immunity (via placental transfer)
04
Disease associations
ImmunodeficiencyChronic infectionsAutoimmune diseasesAllergiesInfectionCancer (ADCC)
05
Safety considerations
Hypersensitivity reactionsSerum sicknessInfusion reactionsPotential for off-target effects depending on specificity
06
Biomarkers
IgG levels as a marker of past infection/vaccinationSpecific IgG antibodies as biomarkers for diagnosis of infections or autoimmune diseasesIgG levels as a marker for immunodeficiencyIgG subclass levels can be biomarkers for specific conditions
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