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Immunoglobulin-like Transcript 4 (ILT4)
- Target
- ILT4
- Molecular classification
- Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LILR), Receptor
01
Overview
Immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (ILT4) is an inhibitory receptor primarily expressed on myelomonocytic cells. It binds to MHC class I molecules, especially HLA-G, and transmits inhibitory signals via ITIMs, suppressing immune responses. It plays roles in cancer, autoimmunity, transplantation, infectious diseases, and maternal-fetal tolerance. ILT4 is a potential therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy and autoimmune disease modulation.
- Other names
- LILRB2LIR-2CD85d
02
Mechanism of action
Blocking ILT4 enhances T-cell priming and activation.
03
Biological functions
Immune regulationInhibition of cytokine productionDownregulation of costimulatory moleculesSuppression of Fc receptor-mediated activationInhibition of dendritic cell differentiation/maturation
04
Disease associations
CancerAutoimmunityTransplantationInfectious diseasesMaternal-fetal tolerance
05
Safety considerations
Potential for autoimmunity if ILT4 inhibition is too strongRisk of allograft rejection in transplant patients
06
Interacting drugs
Monoclonal antibodies targeting ILT4
07
Biomarkers
ILT4 expression levels in tumor cellsHLA-G expression levelsVEGF-C expression levels
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