Immunosuppressive Factors in the Tumor Microenvironment (N/A)

Immunosuppressive factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME) encompass a diverse set of molecules, cells, and metabolic conditions that collectively inhibit anti-tumor immune responses. These factors, produced by both tumor cells and various non-malignant cells within the TME, paralyze or suppress effector T cell activity, enabling tumors to evade immune surveillance and resist immunotherapy. Key examples include regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), cytokines like IL-10 and TGF-β, metabolites such as IDO and PGE2, and environmental factors like hypoxia and low pH. Overcoming these immunosuppressive barriers is a key focus for next-generation cancer therapies.

Other names

TME immunosuppressive factorsTumor-induced immunosuppressionImmune evasion mechanisms in cancerFactors suppressing anti-tumor immunity

Multiple mechanisms depending on the specific factor: inhibition of T-cell activation, induction of T-cell apoptosis, recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, suppression of antigen presentation, nutrient depletion, etc.