Inactivated Poliovirus type 2 Sabin strain (sIPV2)

Inactivated Poliovirus type 2 Sabin strain is a viral antigen derived from the attenuated Sabin type 2 poliovirus, which has been chemically inactivated, typically using formaldehyde, to eliminate its ability to replicate while preserving its immunogenic properties (WHO, 2016). It is a primary component of Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus vaccines (sIPV), which were developed to improve biosafety during vaccine manufacturing by replacing wild-type poliovirus strains used in traditional Salk-IPV (GPEI, 2022). The biological function of this target is to stimulate the host's immune system to produce neutralizing antibodies, specifically targeting the type 2 poliovirus capsid proteins (Okayama et al., 2016). This immune response is critical for preventing poliomyelitis, a disease that can cause permanent paralysis by attacking the central nervous system (CDC, 2023). The use of sIPV-2 is a cornerstone of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative's strategy to mitigate the risks associated with the withdrawal of oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV), which can occasionally lead to circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) (Sun et al., 2014). By providing systemic immunity without the risk of viral shedding or reversion, sIPV-2 ensures continued protection against type 2 poliovirus in a post-OPV era.

Other names

Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus type 2sIPV type 2Inactivated Sabin poliovirus type 2Inactivated poliovirus vaccine type 2 (Sabin)sIPV-2

Induction of active humoral immunity through the production of neutralizing antibodies against Poliovirus type 2, which prevents viral entry into host cells and subsequent replication in the central nervous system.