Increased production of growth factors

“Increased production of growth factors” refers generally to a state in which cells or tissues produce higher-than-normal amounts of growth factor proteins. Growth factors are a broad class of secreted peptides and proteins (such as EGF, FGF, VEGF, PDGF, TGF-beta, and others) that regulate cellular proliferation, survival, differentiation, and tissue repair via binding to specific receptors (often receptor tyrosine kinases) on the target cell surface. While regulated production is crucial for homeostasis, tissue repair, and development, pathologically increased production is frequently observed in cancer, chronic inflammation, and fibrosis, resulting in excessive cell proliferation and other maladaptive responses. “Increased production of growth factors” is a pathological mechanism, not a discrete molecular entity

Inhibitors of specific growth factor receptors (e.g., tyrosine kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies) Downregulation or neutralization of growth factor signaling pathways