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Inflammatory Cytokines
- Molecular classification
- Cytokine, Signaling molecule, Secreted protein
01
Overview
Inflammatory cytokines are a group of small, secreted proteins that act as signaling molecules in the immune system, primarily to mediate and regulate inflammation. They are produced by various immune cells and can be broadly classified into pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory types. Dysregulation of cytokine production and activity is implicated in a wide range of diseases, making them important therapeutic targets.
- Other names
- Pro-inflammatory cytokinesAnti-inflammatory cytokines
02
Mechanism of action
Cytokines bind to specific receptors on target cells, initiating signal transduction pathways that alter cellular behavior and influence inflammatory responses.
03
Biological functions
Immune responseInflammationCell signalingRecruitment of immune cellsRegulation of immune cell growth and differentiationCoordination of innate and adaptive immunity
04
Disease associations
Rheumatoid arthritisSepsis/Septic shockAtherosclerosis/Cardiovascular diseaseCancerDepressionNeurodegenerative disordersInfectionsChronic inflammationAutoimmune diseases
05
Safety considerations
Cytokine storm (excessive cytokine release)ImmunosuppressionIncreased risk of infectionExacerbation of autoimmune conditions (with some anti-cytokine therapies)Off-target effects
06
Interacting drugs
Monoclonal antibodies targeting inflammatory cytokines (e.g., anti-TNF therapies)
07
Biomarkers
Levels of specific cytokines (e.g., TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-10) in serum or tissue samples
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