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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Influenza A virus H1N1 neuraminidase (NA)
- Target
- NA
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme
01
Overview
The Influenza A virus H1N1 neuraminidase (NA, N1 subtype) is a tetrameric glycoprotein enzyme on the viral envelope surface, consisting of four identical ~470-amino-acid subunits with cytoplasmic tail, transmembrane, stalk, and catalytic head domains. Its active site, a conserved cavity formed by residues like Arg118, Asp151, Arg152, Arg224, Glu276, Arg292, Arg371, and Tyr406, hydrolyzes α2-3- and α2-6-linked sialic acids (Neu5Ac). This enables virion release from infected cells by preventing HA-mediated aggregation, aids penetration through sialylated respiratory mucins, and may contribute to entry via receptor clearance. Group 1 NAs like N1 feature a dynamic 150-loop creating a secondary cavity near the active site. NA balances HA function for viral fitness and is a key antiviral target.
- Other names
- N1 neuraminidaseN1 NA
02
Mechanism of action
Competitive inhibition of sialic acid cleavage by mimicking the transition state of the hydrolysis reaction
03
Biological functions
Cleavage of sialic acid residues from glycans to prevent virion aggregation and facilitate viral releaseFacilitation of viral movement through mucus by desialylation of mucinsPotential role in viral entry and membrane fusion
04
Disease associations
Infection
05
Safety considerations
Development of resistance in influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors
06
Interacting drugs
Zanamivir
1 more in the full profile.
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