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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Glycoprotein (HA)
- Target
- HA
- Molecular classification
- Glycoprotein, Viral Surface Protein, Class I Fusion Protein
01
Overview
The influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein is a homotrimeric, class I fusion protein found on the surface of influenza viruses. It is essential for viral infectivity and plays a central role in both the attachment of the virus to host cells and subsequent membrane fusion required for viral entry. HA binds sialic acid residues on host cells, triggering endocytosis. Acidic pH in endosomes induces conformational changes in HA, leading to fusion of the viral and endosomal membranes, releasing viral RNA into the cytoplasm. HA is a major target for neutralizing antibodies.
- Other names
- HemagglutininHemaglutinnin
02
Mechanism of action
Antibodies targeting the head block receptor binding, antibodies targeting the stem inhibit membrane fusion
03
Biological functions
Receptor bindingMembrane fusionViral entryHemagglutination
04
Disease associations
Infection
05
Safety considerations
Antigenic drift leading to immune evasionGlycosylation site mutations altering antigenicity
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