Inhibition of DNA Synthesis via Ionizing Radiation (IR-induced DNA Synthesis Inhibition)

DNA synthesis inhibition via ionizing radiation refers to the disruption or halting of DNA replication in cells exposed to ionizing radiation. This is primarily mediated by direct DNA damage (SSBs and DSBs) and indirect damage from ROS, triggering cell cycle checkpoints, DNA repair pathways, and ultimately cell death or senescence. This process is fundamental to the efficacy of radiotherapy in cancer treatment but also contributes to its toxicity. Variations in DNA repair capacity and checkpoint function influence individual radiosensitivity.

Other names

Radiation-induced DNA replication inhibitionDNA replication arrest by ionizing radiationRadiotherapy-induced DNA damage response

Ionizing radiation induces single-strand breaks (SSBs) and double-strand breaks (DSBs) in DNA, leading to replication fork stalling and activation of cell cycle checkpoints. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to DNA damage and further inhibit DNA synthesis.