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Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α)
- Target
- IRE1α
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Serine/threonine-protein kinase, Endoribonuclease, Transmembrane protein
01
Overview
IRE1α is a central sensor and mediator of the unfolded protein response (UPR), activated by misfolded proteins in the ER. It is a bifunctional enzyme with serine/threonine-protein kinase and endoribonuclease activity. Upon sensing ER stress, IRE1α oligomerizes, autophosphorylates, and activates its RNase domain, leading to XBP1 mRNA splicing (producing XBP1s, a transcription factor) and regulated IRE1-dependent decay (RIDD) of specific mRNAs. It is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer and considered a promising drug target for diseases involving chronic ER stress.
- Other names
- ERN1
02
Mechanism of action
Kinase/RNase inhibition (small molecule inhibitors)
03
Biological functions
Unfolded protein response (UPR)XBP1 mRNA splicingRegulated IRE1-dependent decay (RIDD)ER homeostasis
04
Disease associations
Neurodegenerative disease (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, ALS)Cancer
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