Insulin receptor-related receptor (INSRR)

Insulin receptor-related receptor is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase that shares homology with both the insulin receptor and the IGF-1 receptor. Its canonical function is as a pH sensor: it is activated by increased extracellular pH, which leads to intracellular signaling mediated by phosphorylation of IRS1 and activation of AKT pathways[2][6]. Although part of a well-known receptor family, INSRR is considered an orphan receptor with no identified endogenous peptide ligand, and its definitive physiological roles are less understood than those of insulin or IGF receptors. It is implicated in developmental processes of neural tissue and possibly in male sexual differentiation[1]. Its expression has been detected predominantly in subsets of neuronal cells and tumor cell lines[1]. INSRR has not been established as a direct drug target, nor have selective drugs or biomarkers for this protein entered clinical use. Disease relevance may exist via pathway crosstalk in diabetes and cancer, but direct causal roles are not yet well resolved[1][2][5][6].

Other names

Insulin receptor-related proteinIRRIR-related receptorinsulin receptor-related protein alpha chaininsulin receptor-related protein beta chain

Not established for drugs. For endogenous function, activation occurs through increased extracellular pH, possibly leading to IRS1 and AKT intracellular signal transduction