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Insulin-regulated Aminopeptidase (IRAP)
- Target
- IRAP
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Aminopeptidase, Type II transmembrane protein, M1 family zinc-dependent aminopeptidase, Oxytocinase subfamily
01
Overview
Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), also known as LNPEP, is a type II transmembrane zinc-dependent aminopeptidase belonging to the M1 family. It is involved in peptide hormone processing, antigen presentation, and glucose metabolism. IRAP's trafficking is regulated by insulin, and it plays a role in cleaving peptide hormones and trimming antigenic peptides. Dysregulation of IRAP has been implicated in type 2 diabetes and cardiac hypertrophy, and it is a potential therapeutic target for metabolic diseases and cognitive disorders. The mechanism of action of therapeutic agents targeting IRAP involves inhibiting its aminopeptidase activity, but potential safety concerns include altered hormone signaling and effects on glucose metabolism. High expression levels are found in brain regions linked with cognitive function.
- Other names
- LNPEPCAPCystinyl AminopeptidaseP-LAPPlacental Leucine AminopeptidasePLAPOxytocinaseVasopressinaseLeucyl and cystinyl aminopeptidase
02
Mechanism of action
Specific inhibitors of IRAP (currently under investigation)
03
Biological functions
Peptide hormone processingGlucose metabolismInsulin signalingAntigenic peptide trimmingImmune system regulationCognition
04
Disease associations
Type 2 diabetes mellitusCardiac hypertrophyMetabolic diseasesCognitive disorders
05
Safety considerations
Potential for altered hormone signalingUnintended effects on glucose metabolismOff-target effects on other aminopeptidases
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