Integrin alpha-X (CD11c)

Integrin alpha-X (CD11c) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that, as part of the heterodimeric integrin alpha-X/beta-2 (CD11c/CD18, also called CR4), functions as an adhesion and signaling receptor primarily expressed on dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and some B cells. It mediates cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, facilitates leukocyte migration and activation, and is critical for phagocytosis of complement (iC3b)-opsonized particles, as well as inflammatory cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue injury. CD11c is widely used as a surface marker in immunology and pathology, notably as a diagnostic biomarker in hairy cell leukemia and other hematological diseases. Dysregulation of integrin alpha-X has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, and integrin-targeted therapies are under investigation and in clinical use for several immune-mediated diseases.

Other names

CD11cITGAXLeukocyte adhesion glycoprotein p150,95 alpha chainLeu M5Leukocyte adhesion receptor p150,95Complement receptor type 4 alpha subunit (CR4 alpha)CD11 antigen-like family member C

Monoclonal antibodies targeting integrin alpha-X inhibit leukocyte adhesion and migration by blocking ligand access or altering receptor conformation. Interference with complement receptor function, preventing phagocytosis and inflammatory signaling.