Interaction between CD80 and CTLA-4 (CD80-CTLA-4 Interaction)

CD80 (B7-1) is a cell-surface ligand expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells, macrophages, and activated B cells. It interacts with the T cell receptors CD28 and CTLA-4. CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4) is an inhibitory immune checkpoint receptor found on activated T cells and regulatory T cells. The interaction between CD80 and CTLA-4 provides negative regulation of T cell activity, modulating immune responses to maintain self-tolerance and prevent autoimmunity. In cancer immunotherapy, monoclonal antibodies targeting CTLA-4 enhance T cell responses against tumors by releasing this inhibitory checkpoint, but these therapies are associated with autoimmune and inflammatory side effects due to loss of tolerance[1][2][4][5][9]. CD80 may also interact with PD-L1, influencing sensitivity to PD-1 blockade therapies[9].

Other names

B7-1B lymphocyte activation antigen B7BB1 antigenCD152Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4

Checkpoint inhibition: Monoclonal antibodies block CTLA-4 function, restoring T cell activity against tumor cells. Ligand blockade: Fusion proteins (CTLA-4-Ig) bind to CD80/CD86, preventing CD28-mediated co-stimulation and dampening immune responses in autoimmunity.