Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 receptor (ICAM-1 (commonly used abbreviation; also known as CD54))

Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 receptor (ICAM-1, CD54) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, primarily expressed on endothelial cells and immune cells. It consists of five extracellular Ig-like domains, a single transmembrane domain, and a short cytoplasmic tail[2][8]. ICAM-1 facilitates firm adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes through the endothelium by binding to integrins (LFA-1/CD11a/CD18 and Mac-1/CD11b/CD18) on leukocytes[1][3][7]. Additionally, it acts as a receptor for major group human rhinoviruses and is implicated in pathogenesis and immune responses associated with infections, cancer, inflammatory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. ICAM-1 may be upregulated in response to cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF and is involved in costimulatory signaling during T cell activation[3][2][7]. Its expression and soluble form (sICAM-1) are used as biomarkers for several pathological conditions. Targeting the ICAM-1/LFA-1 axis has therapeutic implications for managing excessive inflammation, immune-mediated diseases, and viral infections[3][2][7].

Other names

ICAM-1CD54ICAM1Intercellular adhesion molecule 1Cluster of differentiation 54

Inhibition of leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion; Blockade of integrin (LFA-1/Mac-1) interaction; Inhibition of virus (e.g., rhinovirus) cellular entry; Modulation of immune cell trafficking and activation