Interferon alpha-14 (IFNA14)

Interferon alpha-14 is a member of the type I interferon family of cytokines, produced mainly by macrophages in response to viral infection. It has strong antiviral activity and initiates immune defense by inducing the expression of enzymes such as protein kinases and oligoadenylate synthetases that inhibit viral replication. IFNA14 exerts its effects by binding to a heterodimeric cell-surface type I interferon receptor complex (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2), triggering the JAK-STAT signaling cascade, leading to rapid transcription of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). These ISGs modulate immune responses, cell growth, and apoptosis, and contribute to the control of viral replication and tumor cell proliferation. Therapeutically, recombinant type I interferons are used to treat certain cancers and viral infections; however, their use can be limited by significant side effects and the potential for immune dysregulation.

Other names

Interferon alpha-14IFNA14IFN-alpha-14LeIF HLEIF2HIFN-alphaHInterferon alpha-HInterferon lambda-2-H

Drugs (e.g., recombinant interferons) bind and activate type I interferon receptors, triggering JAK-STAT pathways, resulting in the transcription of ISGs that mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory effects.