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Interferon Pathway

Molecular classification: Cytokine signaling pathway

Overview

The interferon (IFN) pathway is a critical component of the innate and adaptive immune response, primarily responsible for cellular defense against viral infections and modulation of immune activity. Interferons are cytokines that signal through specific cell surface receptors to induce a broad range of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), which mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory effects. The primary signaling mechanism for both Type I and Type II interferons is the Janus Kinase-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway.

Biological functions

Antiviral responsesInhibition or promotion of cell proliferation/apoptosisModulation/enhancement of antigen presentationImmune response

Disease associations

Viral infectionsAutoimmunityCancerInflammation

Safety considerations

Dysregulation can lead to autoimmunity

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