Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1)

Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) is a transcription factor encoded by the *IRF1* gene. It was the first member identified in the IRF family, which regulates interferon (particularly type I IFN) expression and various interferon-inducible genes[2][3]. IRF-1 activates or represses a wide range of genes by binding to interferon-stimulated response elements (ISREs) in gene promoters. It is structurally defined by a conserved N-terminal helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domain and a distinct C-terminal regulatory region[1][4]. Functionally, IRF-1 is critical in both innate and adaptive immune responses, cell cycle checkpoint control, apoptosis, DNA damage response, and tumor suppression, and its loss or altered function has been associated with increased cancer risk and altered immune regulation[5][3][2]. IRF-1 does not currently have any known direct small-molecule drug modulators, but its expression and activity may serve as a biomarker, particularly in oncology and immune modulation research[5].

Other names

IRF1Interferon regulatory factor-1ISGF-2 (historical)IRF-1 protein