Interferon-stimulated gene (ISG)

Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) are genes whose expression is induced by interferons, a family of cytokines central to the innate immune response. ISGs encode a diverse group of proteins with key roles in antiviral defense, including the detection of pathogens, inhibition of viral replication, induction of apoptosis, and regulation of immune signaling pathways. The ISG response can be triggered by type I, II, or III interferons, each of which stimulates a repertory of genes involved in host defense, inflammation, and immune modulation. ISG products are critical for limiting the spread of viruses, bacteria, and parasites, and for shaping subsequent adaptive immune responses. Dysregulation of ISG expression is implicated in several disease processes, including chronic inflammation, neurodegeneration, autoimmunity, and cancer.

Other names

Interferon inducible geneIFN-stimulated geneIFN-inducible proteinISG protein