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Interleukin 15 Receptor Alpha Complex (None)

Target: None
Molecular classification: Receptor, Cytokine Receptor, Single-Pass Type I Membrane Protein

Overview

The Interleukin 15 receptor alpha complex (IL15Rα) is a high-affinity receptor subunit for interleukin-15 (IL-15), a cytokine critical for the development, survival, and function of natural killer (NK) cells, memory CD8+ T cells, and other immune cell subsets. The functional receptor complex consists of the ligand-specific α-chain (IL-15Rα) and the shared β (CD122) and γ (CD132) chains. IL-15Rα plays a key role in IL-15 trans-presentation and cis-presentation, modulating immune responses and cell homeostasis. It is a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy and inflammatory diseases.

Other names: IL-15 receptor alphaCD215Interleukin 15 receptor subunit alphaIL15RA

Mechanism of action

Agonist or antagonist activity via IL-15 binding and receptor complex modulation (trans-presentation or cis-presentation) leading to JAK/STAT signaling and downstream effects on cell survival, proliferation, and immune function.

Biological functions

Signal transductionImmune responseCell proliferationCell survivalNK cell development and functionMemory CD8+ T cell development and functionIntestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte maintenance

Disease associations

CancerInflammationAutoimmunityInfection

Safety considerations

Potential for cytokine stormOff-target effects on other immune cellsInduction of autoimmunityLimited bioavailability of soluble forms

Biomarkers

IL-15Rα expression levels on immune cells (e.g., NK cells, CD8+ T cells)Soluble IL-15Rα levels in serum

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