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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Interleukin 33 (IL-33)
- Target
- IL-33
- Molecular classification
- Cytokine, Interleukin, Alarmin, DAMP (Danger-Associated Molecular Pattern)
01
Overview
Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a cytokine belonging to the IL-1 family that functions both as an intracellular nuclear factor and an extracellular cytokine. It is primarily recognized for its role in immune regulation, tissue homeostasis, and as an "alarmin" released upon cell injury or necrosis. IL-33 activates various immune cells through its receptor ST2, driving type 2 inflammation and influencing metabolic and epigenetic processes. Its activity is tightly controlled by post-release mechanisms such as oxidation and caspase-mediated cleavage.
- Other names
- IL33Interleukin-33
02
Mechanism of action
N/A
03
Biological functions
Immune responseType 2 immunity inductionAlarmin signalingTranscriptional regulationMetabolic regulationTissue homeostasis
04
Disease associations
Allergic diseases (asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis)Fibrotic disordersInfectious diseasesAutoimmune/chronic inflammatory diseasesCentral nervous system disorders/neurodegeneration
05
Safety considerations
Potential for exacerbating allergic inflammationPotential for promoting fibrosisComplex role in CNS disorders requires careful consideration
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