Intraocular bacteria

Intraocular bacteria refer to a diverse group of pathogenic microorganisms that infiltrate the internal structures of the eye, primarily the vitreous and aqueous humors (StatPearls, 2023). This infiltration typically leads to endophthalmitis, a severe inflammatory condition that can result in permanent vision loss if not treated urgently (PubMed, 2022). Common causative agents include Gram-positive species like Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as Gram-negative organisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NIH, 2021). Therapeutic intervention involves the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, often via intravitreal injection, to eliminate the pathogens and mitigate the host's inflammatory response (AAO, 2023). While the bacteria themselves are the focus of treatment, they represent a biological category rather than a single molecular target (Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection, 2020).

Other names

Ocular pathogensEndophthalmitis-causing bacteriaIntraocular pathogensOcular bacterial flora

Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis (glycopeptides and cephalosporins), inhibition of protein synthesis (aminoglycosides), and inhibition of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (fluoroquinolones).