Inward rectifier potassium channel 10 (Kir4.1)

Inward rectifier potassium channel 10, commonly referred to as Kir4.1, is an ATP-sensitive potassium channel primarily expressed in the central nervous system, kidneys, and inner ear [1]. In the brain, it is localized to astrocytes where it plays a vital role in potassium spatial buffering, maintaining the extracellular ionic environment necessary for proper neuronal excitability and glutamate clearance [2, 4]. In the renal system, Kir4.1 is crucial for salt reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule, while in the cochlea, it maintains the endocochlear potential required for hearing [2]. Genetic mutations in the KCNJ10 gene lead to EAST (Epilepsy, Ataxia, Sensorineural deafness, and Tubulopathy) syndrome, highlighting its multi-organ importance [2]. The channel is also a target of interest in multiple sclerosis, where autoantibodies against Kir4.1 have been identified in some patients [3]. Pharmacologically, Kir4.1 is inhibited by several antidepressants, such as fluoxetine and sertraline, which may contribute to their therapeutic or side-effect profiles [5]. Due to its involvement in neuronal excitability, Kir4.1 is being investigated as a therapeutic target for epilepsy and neuropathic pain management [4].

Other names

KCNJ10Potassium channel, inwardly rectifying subfamily J member 10ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 10BIRK10KIR4.1

Inhibition of inward rectifier potassium conductance; Blockade of the channel pore.